Introduction🎉

This article aims to present a comprehensive cheat sheet encompassing essential Linux and Git-GitHub commands, along with explanations of their usage. Whether you are looking to navigate through directories, perform file operations, manage system resources, or collaborate on projects using Git-GitHub, this cheatsheet will serve as your go-to reference.

So, whether you’re a developer, a system administrator, or a DevOps enthusiast, keep this cheatsheet close at hand. It’s your gateway to mastering the essential Linux and Git-GitHub commands that will empower you to navigate the world of technology with confidence.

🔹Linux Cheat Sheet: File Operations:

ls: List files and directories in the current directory.
cd: Change directory.
pwd: Print the current working directory.
mkdir: Create a new directory.
cp: Copy files and directories.
mv: Move or rename files and directories.
rm: Remove files and directories.
cat: Concatenate and display the contents of files.
touch: Create an empty file or update the timestamp of an existing file.
chmod: Change the permissions of files and directories.
chown: Change the owner of files and directories.
find: Search for files and directories.
grep: Search for a specific pattern in files.
tar: Archive files together into a tarball or extract files from a tarball.

🔹System Operations:

sudo: Execute a command as the superuser or another user.
apt-get: Package management command for Debian-based systems.
yum: Package management command for RPM-based systems.
systemctl: Control system services (start, stop, restart, enable, disable).
ps: Display information about active processes.
top: Monitor system resources and running processes.
df: Display disk space usage.
free: Display memory usage.
ifconfig: Display or configure network interfaces.
ssh: Connect to a remote server using Secure Shell (SSH).
ping: Send ICMP Echo Request packets to a network host.
shutdown: Shut down or restart the system.

🔹Text Processing:

grep: Search for a specific pattern in files.
sed: Stream editor for text manipulation.
awk: Text processing tool for pattern scanning and processing.
cut: Select portions of lines from files.
sort: Sort lines of text files.
uniq: Remove duplicate lines from a sorted file.
wc: Count the number of lines, words, and characters in files.
head: Display the beginning of a file.
tail: Display the end of a file.

🔸Git-GitHub Cheat Sheet: Repository Operations:

🔹Repository Initialization:

git init: Initialize a new Git repository.

🔹Cloning and Creating Repositories:

git clone [repository URL]: Clone a remote repository onto your local machine.
git remote add [name] [repository URL]: Add a remote repository.
git remote remove [name]: Remove a remote repository.
git remote -v: List remote repositories.

🔹Branches:

git branch: List branches.
git branch [branch name]: Create a new branch.
git branch -d [branch name]: Delete a branch.
git checkout [branch name]: Switch to a different branch.
git checkout -b [branch name]: Create a new branch and switch to it.
git merge [branch name]: Merge changes from a different branch.
git rebase [branch name]: Reapply commits on top of another branch.

🔹Staging and Committing Changes:

git status: Show the current status of the repository.
git add [file(s)]: Add file(s) to the staging area.
git add .: Add all changes to the staging area.
git commit -m "[commit message]": Commit staged changes.
git commit --amend: Amend the last commit.

🔹Pushing and Pulling:

git push [remote] [branch]: Push commits to a remote repository.
git push -u [remote] [branch]: Push commits to a remote repository and set upstream.
git pull [remote] [branch]: Fetch changes from a remote repository and merge them into the current branch.
git fetch [remote]: Fetch changes from a remote repository without merging.
git branch -r: List remote branches.
git branch -a: List all local and remote branches.

🔹Collaborating and Remote Operations:

git clone [repository URL]: Clone a remote repository onto your local machine.
git fork: Create a copy of a remote repository under your GitHub account.
git pull-request: Create a pull request to propose changes to a repository.
git fetch origin: Fetch changes from the origin remote repository.
git push origin [branch name]: Push commits to the origin remote repository.

🔹Viewing History and Diffs:

git log: Display commit history.
git diff: Show changes between commits, branches, or files.
git show [commit]: Show details of a specific commit.
git blame [file]: Display who last modified each line of a file.

🔹Undoing Changes:

git checkout [file]: Discard changes in a file and restore it to the last committed version.
git reset [commit]: Discard commits, moving the branch pointer to a previous commit.
git revert [commit]: Create a new commit that undoes the changes introduced by a specific commit.
git stash: Temporarily save changes that are not ready to be committed.

🔹Remote Repository Management:

git remote show [remote]: Display information about a remote repository.
git remote prune [remote]: Remove remote branches that no longer exist on the

🔹Basic Git Command:

git init :Initialize a new local Git repository
git clone : Clone a remote repository to your local machine
git add : Add a file to the staging area
git commit -m "" : Commit the changes in the staging area with a message
git status : Check the status of your local repository
git log : View the commit history
git diff : View the differences between the working directory and the last commit
git branch : View the branches in the repository
git branch : Create a new branch
git checkout : Switch to a different branch
git merge : Merge a branch into the current branch
git pull : Fetch and merge changes from a remote repository
git push : Push local changes to a remote repository

🔹Advanced Git Commands:

git stash: Temporarily save changes that haven't been committed Temporarily saves changes that haven't been committed, allowing you to switch branches or work on something else without committing your current changes.
git stash apply: Apply the most recent stash
git stash drop: Discard the most recent stash
git stash list: List all stashes
git stash pop: Apply and remove the most recent stash
git rebase: Rebase the current branch onto another branch Allows you to reapply commits on top of another base tip. This can be useful for maintaining a linear history, or for resolving conflicts in a feature branch before merging it back into the main branch.
git cherry-pick: Apply the changes from a specific commit to the current branch Allows you to apply the changes from a specific commit to the current branch. This can be useful for picking specific changes from one branch and applying them to another.
git reset: Unstage a file Allows you to undo commits and move the branch pointer to a previous commit. This can be useful for removing commits from a branch, or for rolling back to a previous state.
git reset: Reset the current branch to a specific commit
git revert: Create a new commit that undoes the changes made in a specific commit Creates a new commit that undoes the changes made in a specific commit. This can be useful for undoing changes that were accidentally committed or pushed to a remote repository.

🔹Linux Commands:

ls - Lists all files and directories in the current directory.
cd - Changes the current directory.
pwd - Shows the current directory path.
mkdir - Creates a new directory.
touch - Creates a new file.
cp - Copies a file or directory.
mv - Moves a file or directory.
rm - Removes a file or directory.
cat - Shows the contents of a file.
less - Shows the contents of a file one page at a time.
grep - Searches for a specific text pattern in a file or a group of files.
find - Searches for files and directories in a specified location.
chmod - Changes the permissions of a file or directory.
chown - Changes the ownership of a file or directory.
su - Allows you to switch to a different user account.
sudo - Allows you to execute a command as the root user.
top - Shows the processes running on your system and their resource usage.
ps - Shows the processes running on your system.
kill - Ends a running process.
reboot - Restarts the system.
tar - Archiving and extracting files.
gzip and gunzip - Compressing and decompressing files.
find - Advanced file search and manipulation.
awk and sed - Text processing and manipulation.
grep - Advanced search in files and text streams.
sort and uniq - Sorting and unique data manipulation.
cut and paste - Text and columns manipulation.
tr - Translation of characters.
ssh - Secure remote connection.
scp - Secure file copying over a network.
rsync - Synchronizing files and directories over a network.
netstat - Showing network connections and statistics.
iptables - Firewall management.
crontab - Scheduling tasks to run automatically.
df and du - Showing disk usage.
free - Showing memory usage.
top, htop, and glances - Advanced system monitoring.
lsof - Listing open files and network connections.

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Day 12 : Linux and Git-GitHub Cheat Sheet

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